What is the difference between a seller disclosure statement and an AS-IS clause?

An AS-IS clause disclaims implied warranties — it says the buyer accepts the vehicle in its current condition. A seller disclosure statement lists specific known defects. The two work together: disclose what you know, then sell AS-IS. Disclosure without AS-IS leaves you liable for unknown defects; AS-IS without disclosure does not protect against intentional concealment.

Do I have to disclose if the vehicle has a salvage or rebuilt title?

Yes — always. Title brand (salvage, rebuilt, flood, junk) must be disclosed and typically appears on the title itself. If you knowingly sell a vehicle with a branded title without disclosing it, you face criminal fraud exposure in most states.

Do I need to disclose recalls the vehicle has not had fixed?

Federal law does not require private sellers to disclose open recalls — but strong best practice recommends it. The NHTSA database is publicly accessible, and a buyer who discovers an unfixed recall after purchase may claim they would not have paid the same price with that knowledge.

What if the buyer signs the disclosure and then claims I hid something?

A signed disclosure statement is strong evidence that the buyer received and reviewed the information. As long as your disclosure was complete and honest, the buyer's signature makes post-sale claims extremely difficult to sustain. Keep your copy.

California Boat Seller Disclosure Statement

When selling a boat in California, what you disclose in writing protects you from post-sale claims as much as the AS-IS clause. This guide covers exactly what to disclose, California-specific legal requirements, and a complete boat disclosure checklist.

California: Certain disclosures are required by law

California's REG 262 (Statement of Facts) can be used to formally document known issues. While not legally required for every sale, it creates a paper trail that protects the seller.

California Required Disclosures

★

Smog check result within 90 days (for applicable vehicles)

★

Odometer reading at time of sale (federal requirement)

★

Any known material defects affecting safety or value

★

Salvage, rebuilt, or flood title history (must be on title)

★

Status of any active recall — disclosure strongly recommended

★ = Required or strongly recommended for California

Boat Disclosure Checklist

Standard Fields (all boats)

Year, Make, Model, HIN (Hull Identification Number)

Engine hours at time of sale

Accident or collision history (yes/no)

Hull gelcoat cracks or osmotic blistering (yes/no)

Delamination or transom soft spots (yes/no)

Trailer included and condition

Boat-Specific Fields

Engine type, hours, and last service

Generator hours and condition (if applicable)

Bilge pump condition and float switch

Electronics age and functionality (chart plotter, VHF, fish finder)

Shore power connection and battery system

Registration and USCG documentation status

High-Risk Hidden Defects to Check

Transom softness (rot behind fiberglass)

Osmotic blisters below waterline

Engine corrosion from salt water use

Trailer frame rust compromising safety

California Fraud Liability

California Civil Code 1710 defines fraudulent concealment as an actionable tort. If you knowingly hide a material defect, the buyer can rescind the sale AND sue for damages, including attorney fees.

Disclosure vs. AS-IS: How They Work Together

Scenario	Best Protection
Known defect — buyer discovers after sale	Written disclosure that buyer signed
Unknown defect — buyer discovers after sale	AS-IS clause in bill of sale
Buyer claims you misrepresented condition	Signed disclosure + AS-IS + signed bill of sale
Lemon law claim	Neither applies to private sales in most states
Odometer fraud	Only option: disclose accurately (federal crime to falsify)
Salvage title not disclosed	Cannot be cured by AS-IS — always disclose title brand

Frequently Asked Questions

Is a seller disclosure form required in California?

Yes — California requires certain disclosures in boat sales.

What is the difference between disclosure and AS-IS?

A disclosure statement lists what you KNOW about the vehicle. An AS-IS clause disclaims liability for what you DON'T know. Both together provide the strongest seller protection — use both.

Do I have to disclose open recalls?

Federal law does not require private sellers to disclose open recalls, but best practice strongly recommends it. Check recalls at NHTSA.gov and include a line in your disclosure noting whether any are open.

What happens if I don't disclose a known defect in California?